What does understanding mean? Is there a sensible model for it? If not, we can only judge in the same way that we judge humans: by conducting examinations and d

What does understanding mean? Is there a sensible model for it? If not, we can only judge in the same way that we judge humans: by conducting examinations and determining whether the correct conclusions were reached. Probabilities have nothing to do with it; by any appropriate definition, there exist statistical models that exhibit "understanding" and "reasoning".