A couple points to add to that: with vinyl, the recording process itself (for which there are several techniques) also adds noise. The recording head (in whatev

A couple points to add to that: with vinyl, the recording process itself (for which there are several techniques) also adds noise. The recording head (in whatever form) is also subject to physical laws. The materials used at each stage of the process are also not ideal substrates. Hell, vinyl is a polymer, which means it's a big tangle of chained molecules. Even if everything else were perfect, it would not be possible to write data at a molecular scale into such a medium.