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Quantum teleportation is pretty cool. But it's one of those things that a lot of people get confused about. First, what is a quantum state? A "quantum state"
by Xcelerate 14y ago
Quantum teleportation is pretty cool. But it's one of those things that a lot of people get confused about.
First, what is a quantum state? A "quantum state" is all of the information you need to completely determine a system. If you know a quantum state, then you know everything that there is to know about what it describes. And if we take all of the particles that constitute your body to be "the system", then we can teleport it to a new location. Of course, something as large as a person will probably never happen -- right now we're just doing one particle systems (although a wavefunction can describe as many particles as you want).
The news article says that "matter isn't transported, just the state". This is kind of misleading. There's a property in physics called indistinguishability. Electrons are an example of something that has this property. What this means is that you cannot tell two electrons apart. They are identical in every way (coarsely put, electrons are just an excitation of the same "electron field"). This indistinguishablity leads to some awesome physics (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bose%E2%80%93Einstein_statistics http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bose%E2%80%93Einstein_statistic...).
So it's meaningless to say that the original matter has or hasn't transported because there's no such thing as the "original matter". If the state of the "new matter" is the same as the old once was, then for all intents and purposes you have actually teleported that object.
But if you have teleported the state, haven't you just cloned the object? Aha! Nature's too tricky to let you pull that off. There's something called the no-cloning theorem which proves that it is impossible to duplicate a quantum state -- you can only move it around.
And to clarify one other misconception, quantum teleportation does NOT allow faster than light information transfer. You still require a classical information channel to complete the teleportation (so it's not instantaneous teleportation in the sci-fi sense).
- exch 14y agoThis subject has always caused me a great deal of headaches while trying to wrap my mind around it. If I understand you correctly then, the term 'teleportation' is entirely misleading in this context. I am also wondering about another issue: Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. How can you accurately gauge the state of a particle, in order to 'transport' it elsewhere, when Heisenberg seems to be convinced this is impossible to do? Thirdly: 'teleportation' as you explained it, seems to me to be more of a game of "Let's see what's over there, then observe this spot here and wait until some particle randomly displays characteristics similar enough to consider it equal. We can then pretend we did it with science!". Is this the case, or do they actually 'do' something on the other end to create a new particle with a specific state? Disclaimer: I am very much an arm-chair physicist with as much understanding of this subject matter as the average doormat.
- galadriel 14y agoHeisenberg tells you that you cannot measure locations and speed, but Physicist have just accepted it and moved on. What you can measure, and what quantifies a state, are probabilities of things happening. That is all the information that nature gives you, and if you can recreate a set of probabilities from point A at point B, you have teleported the object. The laws of nature ensure that object at point A is destroyed, so you cannot clone states. The way how you interpret is now philosophy. As far as nature goes, there is no way to distinguish one electron from other, or to differentiate a 'teleported' object from its 'original' object.
- locopati 14y agoYour explanation if very clear. Can you recommend a book or two that covers things like this for the layman who has a science background but is not a scientist (i.e. not fluffy, not hardcore)?