The bitmask approach is the clear winner in my books. It is just so simple and easy to understand while also having decent perf. It is kinda surprising that app

The bitmask approach is the clear winner in my books. It is just so simple and easy to understand while also having decent perf. It is kinda surprising that apparently those slower and (imho) more difficult to understand solutions are in use anywhere. I wonder what is the best real-time (fixed latency) approach for unbiased ranges?