Nope. It used to be that browsers even had a Javascript API to create a keypair and submit the public part to the website in question to register or sign for ac

Nope. It used to be that browsers even had a Javascript API to create a keypair and submit the public part to the website in question to register or sign for access privileges. Exactly what Passkeys do nowadays. You never had to pay for your client cert if you didn't need it for mail signatures or something.