A "calque" is a word that's been brought from one language into another by translating the individual parts. A "loanword" is a word that's been brought over by

A "calque" is a word that's been brought from one language into another by translating the individual parts. A "loanword" is a word that's been brought over by just taking the word with little modification. For example, "calque" is a loanword, while "loanword" (from German "Lehnwort") is a calque.