Microsoft doesn't learn any more from the DNS lookup and HTTPS request than from you going to Bing.COM in a WWW browser on the very same machine and the Bing.CO

Microsoft doesn't learn any more from the DNS lookup and HTTPS request than from you going to Bing.COM in a WWW browser on the very same machine and the Bing.COM site showing your Microsoft Account status, as it in fact does. Microsoft does not have the information to unambiguously know that you have opened System Settings. It just knows that something from your IP address has asked it about your account's Microsoft Rewards.