That is correct. There are no modern utility scale turbines that are directly coupled to the grid. This was at least initially to allow for variable rotor speed

That is correct. There are no modern utility scale turbines that are directly coupled to the grid. This was at least initially to allow for variable rotor speed at a constant grid frequency. Some use doubly-fed induction generators which take about 1/3 of the power through an inverter at variable frequency back through the rotor to create stable 50 or 60 Hz output (Type 3 machines), while others do full scale conversion (Type 4 machines)[1]. FERC 827[2] details the power factor requirements in the US for non-spinning (mostly renewable) generators, most easily summarized as power factors from 0.95 lagging to 0.95 leading at the high side of the transformer in the project substation. [1]: https://www.esig.energy/wiki-main-page/wind-turbine-technologies/ https://www.esig.energy/wiki-main-page/wind-turbine-technolo... [2]: https://www.ferc.gov/sites/default/files/2020-06/RM16-1-000.pdf https://www.ferc.gov/sites/default/files/2020-06/RM16-1-000....