In a disruption in a tokamak, when the plasma collapses, the current in the plasma that goes around the ring decays. This creates an electric field as in a kin

In a disruption in a tokamak, when the plasma collapses, the current in the plasma that goes around the ring decays. This creates an electric field as in a kind of accelerator called a "betatron". The electric field can accelerate runaway electrons to relativistic speeds. This beam can hit surfaces and melt holes, like a giant arc welder. https://www.jp-petit.org/NUCLEAIRE/ITER/ITER_fusion_non_controlee/Wurden_en.pdf https://www.jp-petit.org/NUCLEAIRE/ITER/ITER_fusion_non_cont...