There's no shortage of blog posts on the topic, but here is one that is fairly rigorous but doesn't assume too much background knowledge: https://risingentropy

There's no shortage of blog posts on the topic, but here is one that is fairly rigorous but doesn't assume too much background knowledge: https://risingentropy.com/a-result-on-the-incompleteness-of-mathematics/ https://risingentropy.com/a-result-on-the-incompleteness-of-...