“Energy as work” is a very rough proxy if you’re not taking efficiency into account. e.g. Half of the energy spent by homes is an heating/cooling, and with tec

“Energy as work” is a very rough proxy if you’re not taking efficiency into account. e.g. Half of the energy spent by homes is an heating/cooling, and with technology that exists today (heat pumps, better insulation, smarter home design and ventilation, etc.) you could probably reduce the total energy used there by close to an order of magnitude if it was applied everywhere.