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I advise against taking aGPC because it is very much associated with TMAO production due to adverse gut fermentation, leading to harmful effects on blood vessel

I advise against taking aGPC because it is very much associated with TMAO production due to adverse gut fermentation, leading to harmful effects on blood vessels. Switch to citicoline which doesn't look to have this issue.

johnisgood 2y ago
Yes, Citicoline is great, too, I agree. As long as it is not Choline bitartrate (most common form) which is pretty useless, the body cannot utilize it whatsoever. As for what you said regarding alpha-GPC, it is somewhat true: > Although alpha-GPC is largely considered to be safe due to its structural feature, multiple studies have indicated that a high plasma choline level is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease through trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) produced by gut microbiota from choline. Some studies have highlighted that TMAO increases the likelihood of stroke and cardiovascular disease.11 > In line with this observation, a recent animal model study revealed that even though alpha-GPC supplements improved neurological functions, they increased the risk of atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic rats. In the future, scientists must elucidate the possible mechanism that associates alpha-GPC with increased cardiovascular risks. https://examine.com/supplements/alpha-gpc/?show_conditions=true https://examine.com/supplements/alpha-gpc/?show_conditions=t... https://www.news-medical.net/health/Alpha-GPC-What-Science-Says-About-Its-Role-in-Brain-Health.aspx https://www.news-medical.net/health/Alpha-GPC-What-Science-S... https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8708068/ https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8708068/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021925824024670 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002192582... That said, "However, the currently available evidence is preliminary in nature, so randomized controlled trials and large cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings.".
- johnisgood 2y ago
  BTW Citicoline's other name is CDP-Choline, forgot to edit in time.
- johnisgood 2y ago
  Oh also, it says "multiple studies have indicated that a high plasma choline level is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease", but I wonder why it does not apply to CDP-Choline (Citicoline) since it does increase plasma choline level, too, but perhaps not as highly? I am not sure of the exact mechanisms.

johnisgood 2y ago

Yes, Citicoline is great, too, I agree. As long as it is not Choline bitartrate (most common form) which is pretty useless, the body cannot utilize it whatsoever. As for what you said regarding alpha-GPC, it is somewhat true: > Although alpha-GPC is largely considered to be safe due to its structural feature, multiple studies have indicated that a high plasma choline level is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease through trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) produced by gut microbiota from choline. Some studies have highlighted that TMAO increases the likelihood of stroke and cardiovascular disease.11 > In line with this observation, a recent animal model study revealed that even though alpha-GPC supplements improved neurological functions, they increased the risk of atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic rats. In the future, scientists must elucidate the possible mechanism that associates alpha-GPC with increased cardiovascular risks. https://examine.com/supplements/alpha-gpc/?show_conditions=true https://examine.com/supplements/alpha-gpc/?show_conditions=t... https://www.news-medical.net/health/Alpha-GPC-What-Science-Says-About-Its-Role-in-Brain-Health.aspx https://www.news-medical.net/health/Alpha-GPC-What-Science-S... https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8708068/ https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8708068/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021925824024670 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002192582... That said, "However, the currently available evidence is preliminary in nature, so randomized controlled trials and large cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings.".

johnisgood 2y ago
BTW Citicoline's other name is CDP-Choline, forgot to edit in time.
johnisgood 2y ago
Oh also, it says "multiple studies have indicated that a high plasma choline level is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease", but I wonder why it does not apply to CDP-Choline (Citicoline) since it does increase plasma choline level, too, but perhaps not as highly? I am not sure of the exact mechanisms.