One example is control flow bending [0], which uses carefully crafted undefined behavior to "bend" the CFG into arbitrary, turing complete shapes despite CFI pr

One example is control flow bending [0], which uses carefully crafted undefined behavior to "bend" the CFG into arbitrary, turing complete shapes despite CFI protections. The author abused this to implement tic tac toe in a single call to printf for a prior obfuscated C contest [1]. Of course, that misses the real point that "formatting your HDD" is simply an allowed possibility rather than a factual statement on the consequences. [0] https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity15/technical-sessions/presentation/carlini https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity15/technical... [1] https://www.ioccc.org/2020/carlini/index.html https://www.ioccc.org/2020/carlini/index.html