> virtually all modern cars have a turbocharger This is not really true in the US, but maybe moreso in Europe, where engine displacement is penalized? > that

> virtually all modern cars have a turbocharger This is not really true in the US, but maybe moreso in Europe, where engine displacement is penalized? > that needs time to spin up Porsche's latest 911 does something very cute here ("T-Hybrid"): they have a small electric motor in the turbo. They use the high-voltage hybrid battery to rapidly spin up the turbo on demand to significantly reduce turbo lag (one of the major drawbacks of a turbo engine). Then, at lower load, they can also regen the battery using the exhaust gases and that same motor.