Peter Attia has covered this at some length. https://peterattiamd.com/what-are-the-side-effects-of-aspartame-stevia-and-other-sugar-substitutes/ https://petera

Peter Attia has covered this at some length. https://peterattiamd.com/what-are-the-side-effects-of-aspartame-stevia-and-other-sugar-substitutes/ https://peterattiamd.com/what-are-the-side-effects-of-aspart... >While an excess of alcohol sugars can cause gastrointestinal distress (e.g., if you overdo it on these you can get diarrhea), in most people they do not cause secretion of insulin from the pancreas due to their distinct chemical structure (see figure of their structures, above). The same is true for the first group of non-sugar substitute sweeteners I mentioned (e.g., aspartame, saccharin, sucralose), with respect to the lack of insulin response. In addition to studies confirming this, I’ve also documented this in myself for xylitol (my personal favorite), aspartame (Equal), and sucralose (Splenda).