In Italy there's a fantastic way to allow students to use LLMs to their hearts content, but still discern whether they learned anything at the end of the day: t

In Italy there's a fantastic way to allow students to use LLMs to their hearts content, but still discern whether they learned anything at the end of the day: the oral exam. Students one by one wait to be called into a room where the professors can ask them literally anything. Because this is a part of the academic tradition, professors are also very good at administering these exams. They know how to give hints and clues, but also to pounce when they detect BS. I'm not saying it's perfect, but I do think that the outcome is a much better reflection of your grasp on the course material than anything else, besides maybe project-oriented tests. There's also the added benefit of not having to grade so many exams or papers, and usually all the professors from the department conduct the exams together.