"Dinosaur asteroid 'sent life to Mars'" https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-25201572 https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-25201572 Estimat

"Dinosaur asteroid 'sent life to Mars'" https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-25201572 https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-25201572 Estimates when the 180km-wide Chicxulub crater in Mexico was formed about about 70 billion kg of rock was thrown into space. Obviously you need a big bang to overcome the Earth's gravity. Here's a NASA guy trying to simulate it in the lab https://youtu.be/bfrHoGlFLwk?t=70 https://youtu.be/bfrHoGlFLwk?t=70