> From participants’ blood samples, the researchers looked for immune features that were different between the two groups. They found several differences in imm

> From participants’ blood samples, the researchers looked for immune features that were different between the two groups. They found several differences in immune cell populations; those with PVS had lower levels of effector CD4+ T cells and higher levels of TNF-alpha+ CD8 T cells — both are types of white blood cells — among other differences. TNF is one of the suspected accomplices in a lot of autoimmune conditions, and the target of a class of drugs called TNF inhibitors. (Not everyone responds to them equally well, so TNF might not play an equal role in all patients; other people respond better to drugs that target various interleukins or integrins). These aren't the cheapest drugs ever, so it would be hard to experiment with off-label use, but if TNF plays a role in long COVID/immunization reactions, I'd be very curious whether TNF inhibitors could help. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TNF_inhibitor https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TNF_inhibitor