So the size of nand gates is still roughly 28nm, but if you measure a car from above its size is fixed, if you stand the car on its nose you can measure it from

So the size of nand gates is still roughly 28nm, but if you measure a car from above its size is fixed, if you stand the car on its nose you can measure it from above and it’s “smaller”, this is FinFet, then fold down the roof and the wheels and that’s roughly GAA. The car size stays the same - the parking density increases. It’s more marketing than reality but density is up … As for clock speeds, yes and no, basically thermal limits stop most CPUs running full time at full speed - the problem was obvious back in the day - I would build PCs and carefully apply thermal paste to the plastic casing of a chip - thus waiting for the heat of the transistors to heat up the plastic to remove the waste. Yes they are working on thermal something something directly on the layers of silicon.