The author is too extreme in his framing of business models and is missing the middle ground that can be argued to be the place where a lot of true and real bus

The author is too extreme in his framing of business models and is missing the middle ground that can be argued to be the place where a lot of true and real businesses are. For example, Apple did not invent the personal computer or the smartphone, they just made these products actually useful for the masses. Microsoft's OSes were not that good for the first twenty years, and Microsoft Office was in no way a technological breakthrough, but MSDos/MSWindows + MSOffice did bring a PC revolution and a PC on (almost) every desk.