There is an excellent academic study about the (mis)use of surveillance data in the criminal justice system: Sarah Brayne (2020) Predict and Surveil: Data, Dis

There is an excellent academic study about the (mis)use of surveillance data in the criminal justice system: Sarah Brayne (2020) Predict and Surveil: Data, Discretion, and the Future of Policing, Oxford University Press https://www.amazon.com/Predict-Surveil-Discretion-Future-Policing/dp/0190684097?dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.o9LFaH8f4dwyemJCP8nrCQ.OOAytx_Z-Ou7cPoNwmDQ-0t-hxf4A0WK_dstNW_iGsQ&dib_tag=se&keywords=Predict+and+Surveil%3A+Data%2C+Discretion%2C+and+the+Future+of+Policing&qid=1738332135&s=books&sr=1-1 https://www.amazon.com/Predict-Surveil-Discretion-Future-Pol... Based on field work conducted with officers and IT personnel in the Los Angeles Police Department, the author convincingly shows that law enforcement generally follow an "institutional data imperative," i.e., a mandate to collect as much information as possible, in part by securing routine access to a wide range of data on everyday activities from non-police databases. Data originally collected for one purpose is used for another (p. 53).