There are lots of examples of empty housing taxation, canada, france, etc. https://www.greenbuildermedia.com/blog/do-vacancy-taxes-work-yes-but-speculators-hate

There are lots of examples of empty housing taxation, canada, france, etc. https://www.greenbuildermedia.com/blog/do-vacancy-taxes-work-yes-but-speculators-hate-them https://www.greenbuildermedia.com/blog/do-vacancy-taxes-work... The effects seem to increase the housing supply but are in and of themselves not a one stop solution to the problem.