IMO thinking about it as business domains first isn't good. From "first principles" you have technology (which is rapidly changing). After the technology has be

IMO thinking about it as business domains first isn't good. From "first principles" you have technology (which is rapidly changing). After the technology has been made sellable, people come up with a label for it to put what it is in a box. So business domains are always lagging indicators . And inside there's this deeply buried implicit assumption that anything in the same business domains delivers the same value, plus some market CGAR. It doesn't how value generated by products can change radically. To do that you really need to understand the technology itself. Not me personally because most of what you listed requires deep expertise and founder fit. But certainly a lot of people are. It was always unlikely a startup would succeed, but from a technological perspective, the opportunities have just blown up because of AI. For example compiler/programming language startups like Mojo are back in vogue (the last major one being Java) because of the increased demands of AI/heterogenous hardware. There's many hardware startups like Cerebras. There's people trying to find use cases for AI - education, healthcare, automation, etc. Several incredibly successful games were startups recently - Genshin Impact, Black Myth Wukong. Yes you're unlikely to make an impact in a very specific field - like going head to head against OpenAI, DeepSeek, Anthrophic etc on SOTA models. But there's these hundred other innovation opportunities opening up precisely because these models do so well. Historically the greatest errors in thinking about innovation have been thinking about it like a linear progression of increasing the supply of a commodity to meet demand, like if you have enough computers that's going to be it. It's really like a tree, with an exponential explosion of the surface area of innovation opportunities. If you want a forward looking model, you need to think this technology X has gotten huge, what other technologies will this lead to?