> Does this mean that the other systems’ cards are easily cloned? This seems very insecure, if so. No, basically all stored-value/transit cards and access card

> Does this mean that the other systems’ cards are easily cloned? This seems very insecure, if so. No, basically all stored-value/transit cards and access cards use cryptographic two-way authentication, and for newer ones, the algorithms used are even decent (AES, 3DES etc.) Essentially all old MIFARE Classic cards can be cloned with little effort these days, and some older access control and transit payment systems are still using these, but modern cards are much more robust.