Random access is arbitrary access, given enough time. You can try over and over again until you get lucky. Imagine I'm a user with local shell access trying to

Random access is arbitrary access, given enough time. You can try over and over again until you get lucky. Imagine I'm a user with local shell access trying to read a secret owned by root. Maybe I can't read the secret, but I can do something which makes another program read the secret. If I can make that program swap (perhaps by wasting a bunch of RAM to create memory pressure), and swapping has some probability of triggering a TLB invalidation bug that lets me see the old page, I win, although it might take awhile.