Python dicts will grow and grow as you add more keys to them, but one of the constraints mentioned in the article (and implicitly included, because he's talking

Python dicts will grow and grow as you add more keys to them, but one of the constraints mentioned in the article (and implicitly included, because he's talking about a variation on a bloom filter) is that the data structure should not grow without bound. They wanted to use a fixed-size array. Also, in your example you're storing True as the value, but if you do that, you can't tell the difference between rbloom_array[hashfunc(item1)] and rbloom_array[hashfunc(item2)], if hashfunc(item1) == hashfunc(item2) (that is, they collide). You'd need to store the actual item in the data structure, not just a bit, and then you compare what you get out of the data structure to what you're trying to put in it. If the _items_ are equal then it's a duplicate and you can skip the write (to the database, from the example). If the items are not equal, you need to do the write.