Some vendors care about lock-in, some don't. For laser printers pcl/ipp is pretty standard afaik. For inkjets it's different because it's consumer hardware and

Some vendors care about lock-in, some don't. For laser printers pcl/ipp is pretty standard afaik. For inkjets it's different because it's consumer hardware and there's no driver. Airprint is actually surprisingly standard now. There's even feature discovery.