The approach I have found to work is isolate the logic which deals with ORM models, and convert them to/from typed models (eg pydantic) at the function boundary

The approach I have found to work is isolate the logic which deals with ORM models, and convert them to/from typed models (eg pydantic) at the function boundary. with sqlalchemy mapped_column, its less of an issue. django, otoh, seems too much magic for static type. (happy to be proven wrong).