> This appears to be a simulation study done in 2d. Yes. The paper says >> In this study, a simple two-dimensional numerical model of atrial tissue containing

> This appears to be a simulation study done in 2d. Yes. The paper says >> In this study, a simple two-dimensional numerical model of atrial tissue containing anatomical heterogeneities – the essential ingredient responsible for the emergence of virtual electrodes – was used to explore ultra-low-energy defibrillation. > no one had managed to translate them to application. Yes. The paper itself has the following statements in its conclusion: >> The approach considered here is impractical – it requires an accurate mathematical model of the tissue as well as complete knowledge of the state of the tissue at the initial time. Furthermore, computation of a defibrillating electrical field cannot be performed in real time.