Well, the two major factors for the quality of a CPU are the node its made on and the architecture. If you want to evaluate the quality of two different archit

Well, the two major factors for the quality of a CPU are the node its made on and the architecture. If you want to evaluate the quality of two different architectures, you should be comparing samples on the same fab node. M1 and Zen 4 were on the same node, and M3 and Zen 5 are on the same node. In both cases they're within spitting distance of one another. The majority of Apple's advantage is just Apple paying for early access to TSMC's newest node.