To add to openrisk's comment, classical statistics doesn't formally define or attempt to tackle causality. Regressions and the like only describe associations b

To add to openrisk's comment, classical statistics doesn't formally define or attempt to tackle causality. Regressions and the like only describe associations between variables. For a statement regarding causality to hold, you need stronger evidence than just associativity. Pearl has published a number of primers/papers/books with instructive examples that outline the limitations of classical statistics and applications of casual diagrams/graphs.