I presume this means that there are scenarios where Kernel doesn't exist. In scenarios where Kernel exists, it is global. For example if running on an embedded

I presume this means that there are scenarios where Kernel doesn't exist. In scenarios where Kernel exists, it is global. For example if running on an embedded system without a Kernel. The fact that the kernel is globally accessible to all objects is not a criticism of the language, you can't make up purity where it doesn't exist, as much as we may desire our programs are not ethereal math incantations that exist on Plato's world of ideals, and sometimes they depend on the Kernel which is the same for the whole process, (Duh). I didn't even get into CPU defined functions like addition, and assignment. How would you argue that + is not a global function? If you want to argue that it can be overloaded, recall that we speak of the default function in a read only capacity.