Last I heard, 5 sigma was the standard for genetic studies now. p<0.05 is 1.96 sigma, 5 sigma would be p < 0.0000006. But even though I'm not happy with NHST (

Last I heard, 5 sigma was the standard for genetic studies now. p<0.05 is 1.96 sigma, 5 sigma would be p < 0.0000006. But even though I'm not happy with NHST (the testing paradigm you describe), in that paradigm it is a valid conclusion for the group the hypothesis was tested on. It has been known for a long, long time that you can't find small, individual effects when testing a group. You need to travel a much harder path for those.