One major confound is how the streets are designed and driving is prioritized. In the United States, many areas were redesigned in the 20th century under the as

One major confound is how the streets are designed and driving is prioritized. In the United States, many areas were redesigned in the 20th century under the assumption that nobody mattered as much as drivers so you have wide streets with long distances between crosswalks, short crossing signals, and long light cycles. Unsurprisingly many people jaywalk instead of walking half a mile or waiting so long. In contrast, if the area is reasonably designed it’s much more reasonable to use the streets as designed and it’s more reasonable to expect people to follow the rules. I think that principle of respect shows up a lot in infrastructure. When it seems like it was designed for people to enjoy using you get much better results than the quasi-penal school of public architecture which is sadly common.