The evaluation criteria don't need to be the same for your entire life. So if someone is taking an exam to decide whether they're fit to become a bridge enginee

The evaluation criteria don't need to be the same for your entire life. So if someone is taking an exam to decide whether they're fit to become a bridge engineer, ability should be the criterion. Little Johnny in school can still be evaluated based on effort. (In essence, over the course of the educational part of people's lives, slowly shift the criteria, and help them choose paths that will lead them to success.) I believe that to learn well, you need to be challenged, but not too much. Ability-based evaluation only does that for students whose abilities happen to line up with the expected standard. It is bad both for gifted students and for struggling students.