I was perhaps a bit too brief, but I stand by my distinction. With the exception of red-eye removal, the rest of the modifications you mention are intended to r

I was perhaps a bit too brief, but I stand by my distinction. With the exception of red-eye removal, the rest of the modifications you mention are intended to remove the distortions introduced by the photographic process itself, and so bring the photo closer to the real image, not further from it. But if you're using things that take the photo further away from the actual image (like beauty filters and other things that add information that wasn't there or distort information that was), then what you end up with isn't a photo at all in my mind. It's artwork based on a photo.