That’s what changing the resolution on MacOS does. On Windows, resolution and DPI are separate settings. On MacOS they are combined into a single “resolution”

That’s what changing the resolution on MacOS does. On Windows, resolution and DPI are separate settings. On MacOS they are combined into a single “resolution” and you pick from a list that makes sense for the display in question. You pick the “effective resolution“ of the display, but the native screen resolution is always used and the DPI is changed to scale things up or down until they are scaled the same they would be on a monitor of the chosen resolution. There are a few choices in that list, denoted by “(low resolution)” or something, which set the indicated resolution and leave scaling at 100%. Those look horrific on MacOS but they are options.