So, a large chunk of the benefits are more in the form of 'side-effects' rather than directly fueled by particle physics discoveries. This is kind of by definit

So, a large chunk of the benefits are more in the form of 'side-effects' rather than directly fueled by particle physics discoveries. This is kind of by definition, since the point of particle accelerators as powerful as the LHC is to replicate conditions that cause subatomic particles to fall apart. Same goes with things like neutrino detectors or gravitational wave detectors, they're all looking for things that are barely observable with those engineering marvels, we're a long way away from being able to exploit their discoveries economically. One of the biggest and more 'direct' social and economic benefits (in the sense of being directly associated with high-energy particle physics) would be the development of synchrotron light sources, which are a lot more direct in their contribution to society. In typical particle accelerators, the emission of synchrotron light is a negative effect, but it turns out to be pretty valuable for material science. These facilities are usually so busy that they have to pick and choose the study proposals they accept. As an example, some of the early understanding of Covid-19's structure came from studies at synchrotrons. More recently there are startups which are attempting to use synchrotron tech to sterilize things. Besides that it's all mainly indirect effects. A lot of the cost of building and updating these sorts of machines is towards developing improved sensors, cryonics, magnets, optics, control systems, networking systems etc. These all feed into other fields and other emerging technologies.