You can find the original paper by Watson online which explains it in more detail. The 3 way handshake is in fact not necessary. I believe the delta-t protocol

You can find the original paper by Watson online which explains it in more detail. The 3 way handshake is in fact not necessary. I believe the delta-t protocol was one of the available protocols in OSI as well. TCP/IP being the standard now is not due to the fact that it was technically the best. In fact, there are multiple shortcomings. The delta-t protocol is also used in RINA, which was invented by John Day. It is also used in Ouroboros (https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.09707 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.09707), and I can confirm it works. ;)