This is about unstable cores that randomly output incorrect calculation and ways to mitigate it via better hardware testing and duplicating parts of the core th

This is about unstable cores that randomly output incorrect calculation and ways to mitigate it via better hardware testing and duplicating parts of the core that can fail often. I did however thought initially from the title that it's about 1-bit CPUs like the MC14500B Industrial Control Unit (ICU) which is a CMOS one-bit microprocessor designed by Motorola for simple control applications in 1977. It completely lacks an ALU so essentially cannot count, but is designed for PLCs.