More like post-Soviet. Regardless of the country of operation (which included e.g. Ecuador at some point, in which the owner of lib.rus.ec, the predecessor of l

More like post-Soviet. Regardless of the country of operation (which included e.g. Ecuador at some point, in which the owner of lib.rus.ec, the predecessor of libgen, moved), all these shadow libraries and knowledge preservation attempts represent consistent political action by the individuals with views formed by samizdat and the Soviet/post-crash reading culture. That includes Sci-Hub, Libgen, and those most never heard about but which were extremely influential, like the SU.BOOKS BBS or lib.ru.