Not really. Standard Pascal's dynamic features were barely present, but even they allowed dangling references to exist. And all practical Pascal clones (e.g. O

Not really. Standard Pascal's dynamic features were barely present, but even they allowed dangling references to exist. And all practical Pascal clones (e.g. Object Pascal) had to grow constructor/destructor systems to cleanup the memory on de-allocation (or they went the garbage collection route). So they were on-par with C++ for safety. Ada is similar. It provided safety only for static allocations with bounds known at the compile-time. Their version of safe dynamic allocations basically borrowed Rust's borrow checker: https://blog.adacore.com/using-pointers-in-spark https://blog.adacore.com/using-pointers-in-spark