Same as everywhere: C/C++, Pascal, Fortran, BASIC. There were some exotics, like translated versions of the languages (similar to Chinese version of Python thes

Same as everywhere: C/C++, Pascal, Fortran, BASIC. There were some exotics, like translated versions of the languages (similar to Chinese version of Python these days), but they were rare. My dad had a translated C manual printed on a matrix printer, A3-size, album orientation, with hand-made hard cover. I saw a book (made in state press) on IBM 360. But these were 1980s. A teacher told me they were using punch cards in the '70s.