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No but I did a quick search for capacity vs cycles for sealed lead acid (SLA) vs lithium ion phosphate (LiFePO4/LFP arguably the main type right now) batteries:
by zackmorris 2y ago
No but I did a quick search for capacity vs cycles for sealed lead acid (SLA) vs lithium ion phosphate (LiFePO4/LFP arguably the main type right now) batteries:
https://lithiumbalance.com/lead-acid-and-lithium-ion-battery-comparison-for-forklifts-and-industrial-material-handling-applications/ https://lithiumbalance.com/lead-acid-and-lithium-ion-battery...
https://www.power-sonic.com/blog/lithium-vs-lead-acid-batteries/ https://www.power-sonic.com/blog/lithium-vs-lead-acid-batter...
https://ecosoch.com/lithium-ion/ https://ecosoch.com/lithium-ion/
Lead acid last about 3 years max before nearing 0% capacity, while modern lithium ion last indefinitely if run below 25 C (77 F) and still have 80% capacity after 3000 cycles. The lithium manganese oxide batteries in my Nissan Leaf are 11 years old and still at 10 of 12 bars or about 83% capacity.
Lithium ion chemistry is chosen to optimize certain aspects like energy density, cycle lifetime, or environmental impact, but today doesn't make a huge difference, typically 10% as far as density goes, with cobalt still having the highest density but at a human cost due to difficulty mining it:
https://dragonflyenergy.com/types-of-lithium-batteries-guide/ https://dragonflyenergy.com/types-of-lithium-batteries-guide...
I think that sodium ion batteries will eventually be the mainstream battery backup. Also sodium sulphur batteries running above 300 C (572 F) for industry. I'm having trouble finding a sodium UPS:
https://www.xpcc.com/xtreme-power-sodium-ups/ https://www.xpcc.com/xtreme-power-sodium-ups/
But sodium ion perform similarly to lithium ion so could be used as drop-in replacements. This one claims 6000 cycles:
https://www.ebay.com/itm/166895369465 https://www.ebay.com/itm/166895369465
Unfortunately there seems to be industry pressure to slow the adoption of sodium ion. Probably to protect entrenched interests in lead and lithium. So sodium is mostly only available on Alibaba/AliExpress still.
If I had money to invest, I would put it into businesses manufacturing sodium ion batteries and/or doing swaps of sodium or lithium into devices when their lead batteries wear out.
Looks like the lithium ion battery market is $55 billion annually:
https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/lithium-ion-battery-market https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/lithium-...
https://www.precedenceresearch.com/sodium-ion-batteries-market https://www.precedenceresearch.com/sodium-ion-batteries-mark...
So sodium ion will eventually probably be a bigger bar on those graphs than lithium iron phosphate, the current most environmentally friendly battery. And those projections are almost certainly way too conservative. They are thinking $5 billion by 2030, but I would expect more like $20 billion due to the abundance of sodium granting easier entry by a large player embracing it. Probably CATL, BYD or LG will be the most profitable outside the US:
https://www.statista.com/statistics/235323/lithium-batteries-top-manufacturers/ https://www.statista.com/statistics/235323/lithium-batteries...
US battery makers aren't well-known outside of Tesla:
https://www.industryselect.com/blog/top-10-battery-manufacturers-in-the-us https://www.industryselect.com/blog/top-10-battery-manufactu...
So sodium is one of the biggest opportunities I can think of, and returns will probably depend on how this next election goes.
Looks like they are straightforward to manufacture:
https://futurebatterylab.com/the-big-beginners-guide-to-sodium-ion-batteries/ https://futurebatterylab.com/the-big-beginners-guide-to-sodi...
Unfortunately Google patented a method of manufacturing sodium ion batteries, so it will be interesting to see how their portfolio will be affected when they are broken up:
https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2017067994A1/en https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2017067994A1/en
Like with all things tech these days, it's not about making things, but who has the most access to capital and lawyers.
Apologies this got so long, I'm an organic LLM with OCD tendencies.