In a cloud environment like OpenStack, virtual machines are a means to provide compute resources, not an end goal like in VMware. Elastic workloads typically s

In a cloud environment like OpenStack, virtual machines are a means to provide compute resources, not an end goal like in VMware. Elastic workloads typically scale horizontally, unlike the vertical scaling or static provisioning seen in environments such as VMware. Elastic workloads are usually stateless, declaratively provisioned, have short uptimes, and are designed to fail gracefully rather than relying on high availability. Kubernetes (K8S) can achieve similar capabilities, but is still distinct from what OpenStack offers: an open-source, private AWS providing multi-tenant, API-driven infrastructure for storage, networking, and compute. If you don't care about working with elastic APIs, OpenStack/AWS is probably not for you, use VMware/ProxMox + Kubernetes.