The graphql schema / string language is not required. For example, Juniper defines the graphql schema and queries using rust structs and impls: https://graphql-

The graphql schema / string language is not required. For example, Juniper defines the graphql schema and queries using rust structs and impls: https://graphql-rust.github.io/juniper/types/objects/index.html https://graphql-rust.github.io/juniper/types/objects/index.h... and the actual on-the-wire encoding and decoding format can be anything.