Alternatively (or also) pay scales and emigration. There are doctors leaving for Australia (which advertised golden handshakes & Australian lifestyle in the UK

Alternatively (or also) pay scales and emigration. There are doctors leaving for Australia (which advertised golden handshakes & Australian lifestyle in the UK to UK doctors) and nurses for better pay/conditions in private care facilities; it's not (just) a supply of trained people at source issue. Salaries are also much more compressed than in North America - UK junior doctors generally earn more than NA residents, but then not that much more (maybe 4-5x from lowest to highest, not >10x to reach hundreds of thousands) as consultants (attendings). Locum pay & additional private work can make up for some of that, but probably not all, and I assume similar could be done in NA if you wanted to earn more (or open their own practice, pharma sponsorship, etc.) It's probably true in general (relatively compressed salary ranges) actually, not just in medicine.