4 ms·

Fascinating that there's a neutrino beam cutting straight through the earth, in a chord hundreds of miles long, and they expect to be able to measure dozens of

Fascinating that there's a neutrino beam cutting straight through the earth, in a chord hundreds of miles long, and they expect to be able to measure dozens of events per second (edit: at the closer of the two detectors—not the 800 mile one). If they were to modulate this beam, they could tweet-by-neutrino in near real-time. - "DUNE is split between two locations hundreds of miles apart: A beam of neutrinos originating at Fermilab, close to Chicago, will pass through a particle detector located on the Fermilab site, then travel 800 miles through the ground to several huge detectors at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in South Dakota." - "The DUNE detector at Fermilab will analyze the neutrino beam close to its origin, where the beam is extremely intense. Collaborators expect this near detector to record about 50 interactions per pulse, which will come every second..."

deleted 2y ago
[deleted]
pif 2y ago
> Fascinating that there's a neutrino beam cutting straight through the earth, in a chord hundreds of miles long This is not the first time! Search about neutrinos from CERN to Gran Sasso.
- perihelions 2y ago
  OPERA collaboration! https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OPERA_experiment https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OPERA_experiment
- scheme271 2y ago
  The K2K experiment also sent a beam from KEK to SuperK in Japan. I think there might have been one or two other exeriments like this. If you spend the time and money to create a neutrino detector, doing an experiment like this is a reasonable add on.
JumpCrisscross 2y ago
> they could tweet-by-neutrino in near real-time We demonstrated in 2012 a neutrino-based link which “achieved a decoded data rate of 0.1 bits/sec with a bit error rate of 1% over a distance of 1.035 km, including 240 m of earth” [1]. To put that into perspective, a through-the-core beam would reach its antipode about 24 milliseconds before its circumnavigating partner [2]. [1] https://arxiv.org/abs/1203.2847 https://arxiv.org/abs/1203.2847 [2] assuming a spherical earth with diameter 12 756 km [a] and circumference 40,075 km [b], and thus distance difference of 7 282 km, and a speed of light of 300mm m/s [a] https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/features/cosmic/earth_info.html https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/features/cosmic/earth_info.htm... [b] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth%27s_circumference https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth%27s_circumference
- shagie 2y ago
  The relevant RFC is from (April 1st) 1991 - Memo from the Consortium for Slow Commotion Research (CSCR) https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1217.html https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1217.html Section 4 deals with Jam-Resistant Underwater Communication The ULS system proposed in (2) above has the weakness that it is readily jammed by simple depth charge explosions or other sources of acoustic noise (e.g., Analog Equipment Corporation DUCK-TALK voice synthesizers linked with 3,000 AMP amplifiers). An alternative is to make use of the ultimate in jam resistance: neutrino transmission. For all practical purposes, almost nothing (including several light- years of lead) will stop a neutrino. There is, however, a slight cross-section which can be exploited provided that a cubic mile of sea water is available for observing occasional neutrino-chlorine interactions which produce a detectable photon burst. Thus, we have the basis for a highly effective, extremely low speed communication system for communicating with submarines.
  - JumpCrisscross 2y ago
    > make use of the ultimate in jam resistance: neutrino transmission. For all practical purposes, almost nothing (including several light-years of lead) will stop a neutrino Signals aren't jammed by being blocked but overpowered. If you want to disrupt someone's neutrino comms, you don't start building lead walls. You flood their volume with neutrino noise. (I don't know how feasible that is to continuously do over a large volume.)
tetris11 2y ago
Redhat might need to rename their orchestration product
- elashri 2y ago
  And while we are at that. Unix communities would make a great contribution by changing "root" as the super user account convention /s. This will help physicists searching for ROOT on the web.
elashri 2y ago
The concept of near and far detector for a neutrinos experiment is not new. We already have NOvA which DUNE will be its successor and probably will be able to solve the neutrinos mass hierarchy by then.
aa-jv 2y ago
>a neutrino beam cutting straight through the earth, in a chord hundreds of miles long In my copy of this mental image, I wondered if Earths' gravity, and indeed our movement through the cosmos, bends that chord, and what it would sound like ..
- wiml 2y ago
  Earth's gravity certainly does (though not by much); our movement through the cosmos shouldn't appreciably, since the Earth is in freefall. (But tides will affect it.)

deleted 2y ago

[deleted]

pif 2y ago

> Fascinating that there's a neutrino beam cutting straight through the earth, in a chord hundreds of miles long This is not the first time! Search about neutrinos from CERN to Gran Sasso.

perihelions 2y ago
OPERA collaboration! https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OPERA_experiment https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OPERA_experiment
scheme271 2y ago
The K2K experiment also sent a beam from KEK to SuperK in Japan. I think there might have been one or two other exeriments like this. If you spend the time and money to create a neutrino detector, doing an experiment like this is a reasonable add on.

JumpCrisscross 2y ago

> they could tweet-by-neutrino in near real-time We demonstrated in 2012 a neutrino-based link which “achieved a decoded data rate of 0.1 bits/sec with a bit error rate of 1% over a distance of 1.035 km, including 240 m of earth” [1]. To put that into perspective, a through-the-core beam would reach its antipode about 24 milliseconds before its circumnavigating partner [2]. [1] https://arxiv.org/abs/1203.2847 https://arxiv.org/abs/1203.2847 [2] assuming a spherical earth with diameter 12 756 km [a] and circumference 40,075 km [b], and thus distance difference of 7 282 km, and a speed of light of 300mm m/s [a] https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/features/cosmic/earth_info.html https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/features/cosmic/earth_info.htm... [b] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth%27s_circumference https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth%27s_circumference

shagie 2y ago
The relevant RFC is from (April 1st) 1991 - Memo from the Consortium for Slow Commotion Research (CSCR) https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1217.html https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1217.html Section 4 deals with Jam-Resistant Underwater Communication The ULS system proposed in (2) above has the weakness that it is readily jammed by simple depth charge explosions or other sources of acoustic noise (e.g., Analog Equipment Corporation DUCK-TALK voice synthesizers linked with 3,000 AMP amplifiers). An alternative is to make use of the ultimate in jam resistance: neutrino transmission. For all practical purposes, almost nothing (including several light- years of lead) will stop a neutrino. There is, however, a slight cross-section which can be exploited provided that a cubic mile of sea water is available for observing occasional neutrino-chlorine interactions which produce a detectable photon burst. Thus, we have the basis for a highly effective, extremely low speed communication system for communicating with submarines.
- JumpCrisscross 2y ago
  > make use of the ultimate in jam resistance: neutrino transmission. For all practical purposes, almost nothing (including several light-years of lead) will stop a neutrino Signals aren't jammed by being blocked but overpowered. If you want to disrupt someone's neutrino comms, you don't start building lead walls. You flood their volume with neutrino noise. (I don't know how feasible that is to continuously do over a large volume.)

tetris11 2y ago

Redhat might need to rename their orchestration product

elashri 2y ago
And while we are at that. Unix communities would make a great contribution by changing "root" as the super user account convention /s. This will help physicists searching for ROOT on the web.

elashri 2y ago

The concept of near and far detector for a neutrinos experiment is not new. We already have NOvA which DUNE will be its successor and probably will be able to solve the neutrinos mass hierarchy by then.

aa-jv 2y ago

>a neutrino beam cutting straight through the earth, in a chord hundreds of miles long In my copy of this mental image, I wondered if Earths' gravity, and indeed our movement through the cosmos, bends that chord, and what it would sound like ..

wiml 2y ago
Earth's gravity certainly does (though not by much); our movement through the cosmos shouldn't appreciably, since the Earth is in freefall. (But tides will affect it.)