Reading about how some of these low-level CPU features work always blows my mind. Back in college, I took a class that I think was called Intro to Computer Har

Reading about how some of these low-level CPU features work always blows my mind. Back in college, I took a class that I think was called Intro to Computer Hardware, but it really should have been called Intro to CPU Design. We learned how to turn logic gates into adders, latches, flip-flops, etc, and by the end of the course, we were able to design a very rudimentary processor at the gate level. How someone could create something like register renaming figuring how out-of-order execution is beyond me. They're not designing these at the gate level, are they? Or is there a language they use and a "compiler" that arranges the gates and transistors?