The answer is, we don't know yet, LLMs are too new. There are multiple lawsuits creaking to life on this topic and the defendants will no doubt claim fair use,

The answer is, we don't know yet, LLMs are too new. There are multiple lawsuits creaking to life on this topic and the defendants will no doubt claim fair use, but legal experts seem to think it could go either way. Training language models on publicly-available data for academic research has been successfully defended as fair use in court, but there is plenty of precedent in the law where something can be fair use in a research context but infringement if done for profit, which could very well be the case again here.